Role of Women in the American Revolution

Role of Women in the the Statesn Revolution The role of women played in any given war is quite often disadvantageously underestimated. This sen clipnt especially goes for the American revolutionary War, where women actually played an absolutely essential role in our victory against the British. Not only where there different types of women who had swear outed, but there were many different ways each of them helpedparticularly as nurses to help save lives and tend to injured soldiers. Without women helping in the war, we would lose most certainly lost (National History statement Clearinghouse).One way that women helped out in the war was that they went in a flash to the sourceby dressing up as men and going to fight in the scarer lines, women (e. g. Deborah Samson) were able to help America emerge victorious (People of the Revolution). Some women fought in a more subtle manner, by keeping house back home and tending to their husbands businesses while they were at war (Zitek). They boycotted British products by participating in the Homespun Movement, where they wove their own habiliments rather than wearing British-imported dresses, which served as a major act of bold defiance.Other women even acted as spies (e. g. Lydia Darragh in 1777, who eavesdropped on quartered British soldiers and relayed their plans of attack to the American patriots) during the war, helping the patriots win. (www. revolutionary-war. net). Different types of women also participated in the Revolutionary War. Patriotic women boycotted against British products, helped care for their husbands property on the home front, and had even spied on British soldiers (www. revolutionary-war. net).However, loyalist women also played a role in counteracting these efforts. Loyalists as tumesce as patriots acted as spies (e. g. Ann Bates, Miss Jenny) and in general posed as an obstacle for the patriotic women (Buesche). As for Native-Americans, Native-American women supported the British, as the y knew that a patriotic win would result in further westward involution and further destruction of their homes. African-American women were pushed into the workforce as blacks in general were recognized as a powerful labor-intensive force (Zitek).In addition to all the roles patriotic women played in helping America emerge victorious, one of the biggest methods was nursing. Battle nurses were organized into army ranks, the highest rank having been matron. Their necessity was so that the ratio for weakened soldiers to nurses was 101. Even George Washington himself had found female nurses indispensablehe demanded they be present to help nurse soldiers back to health on and off the battlefield (National History Education Clearinghouse). Overall, women were an integral and rattling part of the Revolutionary War.While few fought on the front lines, others helped in more subtle ways that showed rising and helped edge the USA towards long-awaited victory. Men thought women were incapab le of understanding the intricacies of war and were proven incorrect time and time again. Whether through spying, healing, or fighting, without women, Britain most certainly wouldve overpowered America in the Revolutionary War. Citations Buesche, John. Spy in a Petticoat. Teaching History. National History Organization Clearinghouse, n. d. Web. 24 whitethorn 2012. Buesche) National History Education Clearinghouse, Browse tech for teachers. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (National History Education Clearinghouse) People of the revolution, P.. Voices of the American Revolution. Deborah Sampson. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (People of the Revolution) Revolutionary War Spies. www. revolutionary-war. net. Rose Creek Village, 2010. Web. 24 May 2012. . (www. revolutionary-war. net) Zitek, C.. Women in the American Revolution. . N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (Zitek)

Aristotle on the Soul Essay

Aristotles notion differs from the usual conception of a instinct as some bearing of substance occupying the tree trunk, existing separately and etern all(prenominal)y. To him, the thought is the essence of a backing social occasion. The soul is what makes an universeness an organism at all by actualizing its potential for musical accompaniment, and its constituted by its capacity for activities essential to that precise type of being. His investigation into the temper of the soul demonstrates basic precepts of his philosophic theories at work, including Hylomorphism, potentiality and actuality, and his quaternary ca theatrical roles.His workout of these theories in analyzing and teasing out the complexities of the soul make for a cohesive and comprehensive study, easily yielding with his other works. In this paper I entrust analyze his notion of the soul as draw in De Anima, recounting how he came to define the soul, the explanation of the soul, how the souls of divers(prenominal) kinds of ensouled beings differ, and his unique concept of how the soul is cogitate to the consistency.Aristotle begins Book 1 of De Anima by stating that since the soul is a principle of savages, and here I will deliver animals to mean more broadly beings, describing its essence has implications beyond its obvious scope. In unfolding the nature of the soul, it is affirmable to determine which attri thates belong to the soul alone and which belong to the organism in virtue of having a soul (Aristotle, De Anima 402a). So besides exploring the nature of life, his analysis will also seek to answer the question of whether all mental states (of the soul) are also material states of the luggage compartment, or whether some attributes of the soul are unique to it.In doing so, we are confronted with the interesting implication of Aristotles position on the mind/body problem, to which I will set off to later on. Returning to the question at hand (what is the soul? ) , Aristotle starts his investigation by use of his explanatory theory of Hylomorphism, which states that substances are compounds of involvement and form, and transmute occurs when form actualizes matter (Shields). There are trinity sorts of substances form, matter, and the compound of form and matter. Matter is potentiality and form is actuality.Form actualizes matter, which holdes the potential to be what it is. So utilize Aristotles example of a bronze statue, the matter, in this case the bronze, lonesome(prenominal) actualizes its potential of being a statue when it acquires the form, or the shape and features. Of interest is the third kind of substance, compounds, which make up living beings. The body is the substance as matter, so the soul is the substance as form or shape. Here we get to Aristotles preliminary definition of the soul as the actuality of a natural body having life potentially (Aristotle, De Anima 412).It is in virtue of this form, the soul, that makes an organism resilient. Without the soul, the body would only have the capacity for life potentially, and so the soul is the essence (the form) of living things. This preliminary definition is taken a step progress when Aristotle identifies the soul as the first actuality of a natural body that is potentially alive (Aristotle, De Anima 412a). He claims that the actuality that is the soul is analogous the actuality that is knowledge, in that we speak of it in two ways.We can distinguish between a state of subtle x and a state of attending to the knowledge of x, where the latter is more of an active process. The passive of state of knowing x is the first actuality, first be former it moldiness necessarily come prior to attending or memory board that knowledge i. e. potential precedes actual. Similarly, the soul of a sleeping person is like the passive state, the first actuality, charm the soul of an awake person is like the active state.The soul must be the first actuality, for if n ot we would be forced to say a sleeping animal lacks a soul, a conclusion we do not want to make (Aristotle, De Anima 412a-412b). First actuality seems to correspond to a capacity to engage in the operation of the second actuality, and in this way is a kind of potential to exercise some function, like the major power to engage in thought. Aristotle makes this clear when he states that, If the warmness, for instance, were an animal, sight would be its soul (Aristotle, De Anima 412b).Sight is the capacity of the eye for seeing, where sight is the form and the eye is the matter. The first actuality is the capacity for seeing, and the second actuality is seeing, actively exercising the potential top executive. So it seems that beyond defining the soul as the first actuality of a natural body that is potentially alive, we can say the soul is a set of capacities that characterize living things. These characteristic capacities are diverse in different beings, and we will see that it i s by these that Aristotle creates his hierarchy of ensouled beings or the degrees of souls.I will give way to this distinction later in this paper, when describing how the souls of different ensouled beings differ. At this rank we have a definition of the soul, but as Aristotle stresses throughout his various works, we must determine the crap or explanation in set out to truly grasp the essence, and therefore get at complete picture of his view of the soul. The definition scarce given explains the what, but a full account must explain the why. He states in the Physics, for our doubt aims at knowledge and we think we know something only when we find the reason why it is so, i. . , when we find its old cause (Aristotle, Physics 194b).His criteria for an adequate definition, one that is sufficient for knowledge, rest on his theory of causation and explanation. The four causes include the material cause, formal cause, efficient cause, and final cause. Material cause is what somet hing is made of, the formal cause is the form or pattern of which a thing is what it is, the efficient cause refers to the agent of diverseness or rest, and the final cause is the intended purpose of the change or the reason why a thing is done (Shields).We must, therefore, determine why the soul is what it is in virtue of these four general causes. The soul is the principle and the cause of the living body, for it is in virtue of the soul that the body is alive, and thus it plays an explanatory role. It is the cause of the living body in three of the four ways, as the source of question, as what something is for, and as the substance of ensouled bodies(Aristotle, De Anima 415), fit to the efficient cause, the final cause, and the formal cause respectively.It is the source of motion in that it causes growth and decay in the organism. The soul is also the cause of the living body by being the final cause, as the body is nevertheless an organ for the sake of the soul, aimed at the soul. And finally, the soul is the formal cause of the living body for it causes life by being the form and actuality of what is potentially. The body makes up the fourth cause, the material cause, by being the matter that makes up a living organism (Aristotle, De Anima 415).I will use Aristotles example of the nature of a house as described in Book One, when he is discussing the importance of form, in launch to better illustrate the necessity for analysis of a concept under his theory of causation and explanation. To merely define a house as stones, bricks, and timbers, is not to capture its full essence. A house is stones, bricks, and timbers (material cause), strengthened into an enclosed structure (formal cause), fashioned together by a carpenter (efficient cause), in order to render shelter from the elements (final cause).We can describe the what, but without further details about the explanation, we dont genuinely know the nature of a house. Similarly the soul is why, it gives the explanation for, the life activities of a living body. At this point Aristotles notion of the soul is quite clear it is the first actuality of a natural body that is potentially alive, it is a set of capacities for life-giving and defining activities of organisms, and it is the form, the source of motion, and the means (it directs) to the end of the living body.Souls of different living beings are secern by their capacities to engage in the activities characteristic of that type of organism, which comprise their livelihood and survival. It is these differentiating faculties that make up the soul. Among these faculties are the nourishing and reproductive, perceptive, locomotive, and the capacity for thought and understanding. Aristotle claims, the soul is the principle of the potentialities we have mentionedfor nutrition, intelligence, understanding, and motionand is defined by them (Aristotle, De Anima 413).There are three types of souls, arranged in a nested hierarchy, so the possession of a higher soul entails possession of all that are below it. The lowest, or most basic, in this hierarchy is the nourishing soul. All living things possess the capacity for self-nourishment, for without this they would not live. Next is the subtle soul, which is feature only by animals. The highest type of soul is the rational soul, belonging only to humans. These three souls are differentiated by their function, corresponding to the ensouled being in possession of the soul with the power to exercise that function. art object the animal soul possesses the nutritive and the sensitive, and the human soul the rational as well, each has but one matching soul with a various sets of capacities (Shields). The nutritive soul is the potentiality held by all living things to save it and equip it for life. The function of this soul is the use of nourishment and generation, or reproduction. Generation is the most natural function, as it is a means for a living being to p articipate in the future (the everlasting and manufacturing business) by producing something else of its own sort.The use of nourishment allows the being to preserve itself, only existing while it is nourished. alimentation allows an organism to grow as well as decay, according to its form. Since all living things possess the nutritive soul, all living things have the capacity for self-nourishment, growth, decay, and for reproduction. Further, since all nourishment involves digestion, and digestion involves heat, all beings contain heat (Aristotle, De Anima 415-416). The sensitive, or perceptive soul, distinguishes plants from animals.Perception is a type of alteration, in that a suitable sense-organ in perception is bear upon or changed by an external object. The external object acts as the agent, possessing the qualities in actuality that the sense-organ possesses potentially. Aristotle describes that it is through an intermediate condition, such as air, that sense organs rece ive the forms or qualities of the objects of perception, not the matter, when involuntarily acted upon by the external object. Thus, the sensitive soul has the capacity to receive informed forms, resulting in perception.The sense-organs become like the agent after being affected, or receiving the qualities (Shields). Again, we can see Aristotle returning to his theory of Hylomorphism in describing perception as the change in the sense-organ as a result of the acquisition of form. The potential of the sense-organ is made actual in virtue of the external object which possesses the form in actuality. Aristotle states that every animal has the sense of touch, but not all possess the sense of sight, hearing, taste and smell.Animals are further distinguished along these lines while each possesses a nutritive and a sensitive soul, there are various degrees of complexity of the latter soul corresponding to the activities of the animal. Aristotle continues further that the possession of the perceptive soul implies that the animal has the capacity to desire, and desiring includes appetite, emotion, and wish. He also determines possession of this soul entails the ability to feel pleasure and pain and it is in virtue of this soul that some animals possess the power of motive power (Aristotle, De Anima 413-415).The rational soul, perhaps the most difficult section to interpret of De Anima, is essential and indicative of humans alone. It is in virtue of the rational soul, the intellect, that we come to know and understand things. The intellect is the seat of thought and thus reason. view is similar to perception, as it involves the reception of form by a suitable capacity. However, while the object of perception is external and is the composite of form and matter, the object of thought is within the soul and is form alone (Shields).While hard to follow, I believe the objects of thought are the forms of forms they get their comprehendible forms in virtue of the sensible forms sensed in perception. Aristotle discusses the concept of appearances, which are different from perceptions and beliefs, for appearances exist while we sleep, with no external stimuli actualizing the signified, and beliefs involve conviction, while appearances do not. Appearances are images resembling objects of perception (Aristotle, De Anima 428). It is helpful to think of appearances as the representation of verity we see in imagination.I believe Aristotle is claiming that it is these appearances that are the objects of thought. In intellection, the mind is made to be like the object of thought through reception of its intelligible form. The intellect is pure potentiality, it potentially has all of these objects of thought, and only in thought do these intelligible forms become actualized in the mind (Shields). As Aristotles philosophical worldview rests on a Hylomorphic principle, it is difficult to see how the alteration, bringing the intellect from potentiality to actua lity in thought, comes about.In perception, this is in virtue of an external object that acts as an agent for change in the sense-organ. But what is the agent of change in intellection? Aristotle divides the intellect into the active and passive intellects. The active intellect acts as the agent of change when the mind thinks the active intellect actualizes the intelligible forms in the passive intellect. The passive intellect stores the concepts of knowledge and intelligible forms in potentiality, to be recalled by the active intellect during thought.This means however, that the actual must precede the potential, strange to what was discussed above. The nature of the active intellect is its activity, so it must be unremittingly active in order to cause the passive intellect to act and us to have thoughts and reason. If it is continuously active, this part of the rational soul must be eternal and thus stands in stark contrast with the rest of the souls Aristotle posits, but this co ntroversial point is something I will not take up in this paper (Shields).

Arthur Andersen’s Legal Ethical Issues

Describe the legal and ethical issues surrounding Andersens auditing of companies impeach of accounting system improprieties The largest bankruptcy of a non-profit organization,the investors of Baptist Foundation of Arizona sued Andersen which served as the auditor for $217 million for issuing morose and misleading approvals of BFA financial statements and also lost $570 million donor funds. BFA management allegedly took money from another(prenominal) investors to pay off the current investors which the court held that there is a Ponzi scheme going on.Here, the auditors of Arthur Andersen has clearly compromise their integrity and honesty by issuing a false information to the public. The next company up in the sacks is Sunbeam whereby Arthur Andersen audits failed to address serious accounting errors while they issued an unqualified opinion. Losses to the shareholders amounting to well all over $4. 4 billion and 1,700 people was jobless. Andersen paid $110 million out of an ap proved $141 million for the hamlet of the case which they resolve the claims without admitting fault or liability.Andersen was also named in the case of Waste Management where they could get to additional fees in some special work which in this case overstating nearly $1. 4 billion earnings. At first, Andersen identified those improper accounting practices and presented them but both Waste Management and Andersen went into a closed-door engagement with Andersen to write off those accumulated errors. Here there is a Self-Interest threat.In the case of Enron, Andersen admitted that they had done for(p) a number documents concerning its audit on Enron which had filed bankruptcy in late 2001. The destroyed documents had led to an indictment for obstruction of justice on March 14, 2004. Further scandals surfaced and this time is WorldCom where they blame Andersen for failing to find the accounting irregularities however Andersen blame for the scandal insisting that the expense irregul arities had not been disclosed to them and it had complied SEC standards in its auditing for WorldCom

Practice Enhancement role of the Mentor on the facilitation of Essay

Practice Enhancement role of the Mentor on the facilitation of learning in your menses place of work - Essay ExampleAn example of this subject area is the Nursing profession. Whereas in the latter case, the mentee decides to assay the mentors guidance because the mentee wishes to take up that particular profession solely out of interest or need.The assist of mentoring is in fact so vast that it is offered as a course and therefore, has got many sub-themes attached to it. only two of the topics that volition be critically analyzed in the present testify areThe establish is set in the backdrop of an outpatient wing of a local hospital. Within this specified work area, the essay focuses on the role played by the mentor in applying the relevant theories connected to the two themes mentioned above, and aims to critically analyze the outcomes of the application of all such theories in the work area. As is inherent, the mentees in this essay will be trainee nurses, on whom all the p roposed practices will be implemented.Everyone cannot become a successful mentor thus far if they aspire to become one. It turns out that many of them possess the inherent qualities that are necessary for blossoming into utile mentors, but fail to become one because of the lack of having the ability to implement the knowledge that they possess or communicate their ideas and channel the people under them in an effective manner. It has also been found that many of them select the outlined procedures of mentoring to be a farce, which is absolutely not the case. The experiences of successful mentors have shown that most of them stuck to the basics as outline by the theories of mentoring, and went on to yield outstanding results.Mentoring is highly dependent on a private relationship between the mentor and every mentee. But this is not possible most of the time as there are irregularities in almost every case. As such, it is the duty of the mentor to instill arrogance into the trai nee and this can be achieved by motivating him/her as also encouraging and not deploring him in case the trainee has done some mistake. The implementation of this principle demands a great deal of perspiration and patience on the part of the mentor. Therefore, it is necessary to outline the various modes, which are adopted by a mentor in order to affect the basic objective of training the mentees under him (Richard Luecke, 2004)Mentors share their own experiences with the mentees. This includes successes as easy as failures. This gives the trainee an insight on what must be adopted and what must be avoided.Mentors are conjectural to instill a sense of professionalism into the mentee, which can be initiated by modeling the requisite professional behavior.Mentors guide the trainees under them by training them on various aspects that cannot be taught in college.Mentors provide complex cases for trainees to thrash and

WITH REFERENCE TO TWO AREAS OF KNOWLEDGE DISCUSS THE WAY IN WHICH Essay

WITH REFERENCE TO TWO AREAS OF intimacy DISCUSS THE WAY IN WHICH SHARED KNOWLEDGE CAN SHAPE PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE - Essay ExampleShared inhabitledge is structured and self-opinionated in its nature and it is an outcome of more than one individual. Shared knowledge is bound together in more or less hard-hitting sections of knowledge, for instance, familiar groups of worsts studied in undergraduate program. Whereas individuals contribute to the distinct domains, divided up knowledge does not depend only upon the contributions of a given individual. There are chances for some other individuals to check and implement individual contributions and add to the body of knowledge that already occurs. For, instance, Chemistry is a subject with knowledge that is shared out. Many individuals have access to it and can contribute proficiently to it. Teams of people, building on existent knowledge, undertake the great work. Despite the individual contribution to the body of knowledge, their wor k is subject to group processes such as review and replication of results of experimental results before it becomes the final paper. The building of computer also requires shared knowledge. It is surprising to have individual who has the knowledge of constructing a compute from scratch. That is, not assembling it from pre-constructed components. Though we know how to assemble computers. The product of computer is because of a complex worldwide cooperative effort.Shared knowledge evolves everyplace time due to the continued applications of the methods of inquiry all processes covered by the framework of knowledge. For instance, applying the methodology that belongs to an area of knowledge changes the existing idea that we know. The changes might be slow or incremental the areas of knowledge shoot certain stability over a given duration. The changes might also be sudden or dramatic revolutionary swing in knowledge because an area of knowledge responds to new experimental results. T herefore, shared knowledge allows

Christianity verses Feminism with a focus on gender violence against Essay

Christianity verses Feminism with a focus on gender military group against women - Essay ExampleI was de statusined to know the roles contend by holiness and the feminists as discussed in the essay. In this discussion, I will relate Christianity and feminism instruction on gender violence especially on women. In the discussion, I will introduce some(prenominal) concepts integrated in the gender violence explore the traditional Christian and the feminists shipway of their violence against women. I will also examine the three books discussed in the class throughout the term and integrate them in my work.Domestic abuse can simply be defined as the warfare waged in the family against immediate family members especially the spouses2. Domestic abuse employs wide range of tactics such as physical or psychological warfare to their victims. In the Christianity, this is combined to shifting of blame, prejudice and fallen holiness making it an entangle issue which is difficult to resolve 3.However, with all the goodwill and readiness to counter the domestic violence problem among the Christian families, it is close to impossible until the female subordination doctrine which is centrally placed on the issue of gender violence and is also what perpetuates the issue is dealt with.4 This discrimination, which is institutionalized, thrives on unreasonable fear and abhorrence for women. Furthermore, it perpetuates the abuse and prevents the Christians from responding to the victims compassionately using bible principles5.Ingersoll further observes that gender based violence forms one of the major(ip)(ip) violence afflicted to women in the society of today6. In the religion of Christianity, women abuse has become one of the major marital problems being attended by the priests and the counselors. The spousal abuse perpetrators mostly use biblical injunctions and religion to justify their actions.The essay has debunked the myth that it is only through religion that women ca n be safe from the some kinds of gender violence7. The

The American Constitution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

The American Constitution - Research Paper ExampleThis essay discusses the Robert Morris from Pennsylvania, the investor of the Revolution, who began the events with a nomenclature Gen. George uppercase for the presidency of the Constitutional Convention. The vote was undoubtedly unanimous. With distinctive traditional humility, Washington articulated his discomfiture at his lack of qualifications to be in charge over such an imposing body and apologized for any errors into which he may plummet in the path of its negotiations. Thus began the majestic beginning of the constitution of the greatest scotch epicenter of modern day. The Anti-Federalist, played a key role in how the United States was going to run low as a Government and the effect the Anti-Federalist paper had on the creation of our constitution. The Anti-Federalist movement, should be given source in helping to shape our constitution, their cause was a major stumbling block that had to be resolve in order for a more pe rfect union that protects each individual States. The Federalists had more than an innovative governmental plan and a well-chosen name to aid their cause. The Anti-Federalists were a rebellious alliance of citizens who disagreed with the ratification of the Constitution. In conclusion, the researcher states that no group in the US political history was more dynamic & heterogeneous than the Anti Federalists. Even a brief glance of the concluding vote on confirmation, demonstrates the unbelievable bucolic and geological diversity of the Anti Federalist alliance.